Congressional committees have broad investigative authority and access to documents from the executive branch to perform their constitutional functions. Intelligence committees receive and protect classified information, and all members are technically entitled to such information.
Access is managed through specific procedures and physical security measures. Congress can also pass legislation, like a bill to release specific files, as a means to make information public.
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Federal courts can compel the production of evidence through subpoenas and can order the disclosure of information during legal proceedings if it is deemed relevant and admissible, balancing the public's interest in openness against the need for secrecy in some situations.